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Fieldwork Eastern Pennsylvania Day 2


Hidden between the folds of fabric covering the Statue of Liberty is a very different call than the one offered by Emma Lazarus’s The New Colussus. Instead of “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,” first, Chinese immigrants in 1882 and then each race, according to its quota in 1921 and 1924, were restricted from entering the US. These restrictions cause family separations like the one experienced by Mary Papouris (pictured). Mary’s family, originally from Aretsou in what is now Asiatic Turkey, was forced to leave her behind in Marseille. An infant at the time, Mary was forced to stay with her aunt and uncle in Marseille while her parents lived in the US. In 1929, she reunited with them as a five-year-old with the help of a French nurse who chaperoned her during her journey and a special non-quota Section 4a visa that circumvented the quota for Greek citizens in effect since the passage of the 1924 Immigration Act.